Please doing the TOPIC 1
1. Mario Bunges article: Technology as Applied Science. Read it carefully and explain:
i. How does he define pure science, applied science and technology?
ii. What is his definitions of technological theories (substantive and operative)
iii. What are the characteristics of substantive and operative theories?
iv. Why he claims that the technological theories are less deep than scientific theories?
Please follow the Instructions carefully.
1. It is an Explanatory / Expository essay, not a research paper.
2. Your answer must be in a short essay between 700 and 900 words.
3. Be explicit and explain the concept clearly. Answer all questions and sub-questions.
4. Avoid general/irrelevant statements. Avoid flabby sentences. Do not employ general expressions such as Technology had a deep impact on our life.
5. Try to keep a logical track in your explanations: Start with a short but clear reference to the background of the topic, then explain the topic as clear as you can, and finally, specify its importance/influence.
6. Do not use any direct quotations but give references to indirect quotes. Everything must be based on your own understanding of the reading materials and in your own words.
