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HIS 100 Module Four Activity Template: Historical Narratives
Locate an additional secondary source relevant to your historical event. Use all four of your sources (two primaries and two secondaries) to answer the questions below. Replace the bracketed text with your responses.
Attempt to write the APA-style citations for your four sources. Include links to each source. You will not be penalized for incorrect citation format.
· Hirsch, J. S. (2002). Riot and remembrance: The Tulsa race war and its legacy. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt (Primary Source).
· Tulsa Historical Society and Museum, (n.d.), 1921 Tulsa race massacre. Tulsahistory.org. (Primary Source).
· Messer, C. M. (2021). Causes of the Tulsa Race Massacre. In The 1921 Tulsa Race Massacre (pp. 33-53). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. Retrieved from (Secondary Source).
· Krehbiel, R. (2019). Tulsa, 1921: Reporting a massacre. University of Oklahoma Press. Retrieved from, (Secondary Source)
Compare the narratives presented in your primary and secondary sources relevant to your historical event.
· After conducting intensive research on publications that were done on this subject or event, I identified the above-listed primary and secondary sources for comparison. To begin with, I realized that primary sources provide more diverse information on the event as compared to secondary sources. Again, many of the primary sources are created by institutions as compared to secondary sources which are mainly authored by individuals. The article that was authored by Messer (2021), presents sufficient information on the causes of the Tulsa race massacre as compared to that provided by the primary source that was created by the Tulsa Historical Society and Museum which is one of the most popular primary sources that investigated or report issues related to the massacre. Compared to Krehbiel’s (2019) secondary article, Hirsch’s (2002) primary article provides intensive reports on the event, especially on the findings of the commissions that were formed to investigate the event. Hirsch (2002) provided an intensive explanation of the key events, individuals, and groups that participated in the Tulsa race massacre.
The similarity between all the primary and secondary sources is that all the creators of the sources agree that the massacre was instigated by reports of the intended lynching of Dick Rowland, a 19-years old black man who had been accused of assaulting a 17-years old white girl, Sarah Page. Secondly, all sources assert that the shooting and subsequent death of the white man at the O.B motivated the killing that happened at the police station that left 12 people dead. A notable difference between the primary and secondary sources is the figures that were presented relating to the causality and the value of the damages. Figures that are presented in most secondary sources are not similar to those presented by primary sources. For example, Tulsa Historical Society and Museum editors reported that the vent resulted in the death of 39 people while Krehbiel (2019) reported that more than 43 people perished during the massacre. Again, Messer (2021) reported that 35 square blocks of the Greenwood neighborhood were destroyed. On the contrary, Hirsch (2002) argued that the value of properties destroyed cannot be estimated. Many of the secondary sources do not report some of the key figures involved in the massacre. Some of the figures and groups that fueled the massacre were not reported by, both primary and secondary sources. The information is provided in many commission reports, but some sources are biased because they did not include some of the commission findings.
Describe one narrative that has significantly influenced the contemporary understanding of your historical event.
· After reading the narratives compared in this exercise, it was clear to me that a source was created by the Tulsa Historical Society and Museum. The source provides updated information on the event and relates it to other new related events. Secondly, these sources provide important information which explains some of the causes of the massacre and how such causes can be thwarted in the future to avoid such events. Again, the source provides reports from different commissions that were established rather informed to investigate the issues that surrounded the vent and explain the recommendations that the commissions provided to help the audience understand how racism contributed and still contributes to racial animosity in the past and present American society. Explain how the chosen narrative helps you better understand your historical research question.
· The racial undercurrents currently rocking our society are becoming ever stronger and the rifts that they are leaving in their wake leave us with one question are these past events relevant to today’s society? Through the Tulsa massacre, hoping to point out their relevance in society today. I also hope to find out the significance of these events to today’s society. It is indeed true that society learns from past mistakes to ensure that the future is bright. Tulsa Historical Society and Museum source editors provide sufficient explanation on how the existence of racism contributed to the onset of the Tulsa race massacre. The accounts of the source are important to the current society as they inform the society what to avoid and the dangers of racism in the society. The source provides recommendations that can be implemented by the current leadership to avoid such events.
References
Hirsch, J. S. (2002). Riot and remembrance: The Tulsa race war and its legacy. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
Krehbiel, R. (2019). Tulsa, 1921: Reporting a massacre. University of Oklahoma Press. Retrieved from,
Messer, C. M. (2021). Causes of the Tulsa Race Massacre. In The 1921 Tulsa Race Massacre (pp. 33-53). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. Retrieved from
Tulsa Historical Society and Museum, (n.d.), 1921 Tulsa race massacre. Tulsahistory.org.
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