BIOL122 Human Biological Science- asthma attack are bronchoconstriction

You must answer all questions below:

Question 1

Two of the major pathological changes that affect the airways during an asthma attack are bronchoconstriction and increased mucus production in the airways. By reflecting on the pathophysiology of bronchial asthma, explain how these pathological changes arise in your patient. In your explanation, you are expected the outline the significance of a specific allergen that may trigger an acute asthma attack.

Question 2a

The clinical manifestations of an acute asthma attack may include the following signs and symptoms:
Cough Airway oedema
Hypoxia Increased respiratory rate
Wheeze Increased heart rate
Tight chest Dyspnoea

Choose one clinical manifestation from GROUP A and one from GROUP B and relate them to the underlying pathophysiology for your person. In your answer, explain the link between an acute asthma attack and both signs/symptoms you chose.

Question 2b

 

Salbutamol and corticosteroids are used in the management of asthma. Explain the mechanism of action of these two medications and their benefits in managing your patient’s condition.

Question 3

Adequate education of patients suffering from/prone to asthma attacks is important in asthma management. Briefly summarize the advice you would give to your patient in respect to
(a) Corticosteroid administration and
(b) Strategies relating to effective prevention and management of their acute asthmatic episodes.