Introduction Healthcare delivery models are frameworks that define how healthcare services are financed, organized, and provided to populations. Each model reflects a country’s history, politics, economy, and cultural values. Globally, four dominant models are recognized: The Beveridge Model The Bismarck Model The National Health Insurance (NHI) Model The Out‑of‑Pocket Model Understanding these models is crucial for evaluating efficiency, equity, and sustainability in healthcare systems. 1. […]





