Pearson BTEC Level 5 Higher National Diploma (HND) in Business

Unit 10 Assignment: Financial Accounting

Unit Title: Financial Accounting

Introduction: This unit introduces essential financial accounting principles and techniques that will enable you to record and prepare basic financial accounts. You will learn how to prepare accounts for sole traders, partnerships, and limited companies. This knowledge will help you contribute effectively to the accountancy function of an organization or prepare accounts for your own business.

Assignment Submission Format

The assignment should be submitted in the form of an information booklet.
It should include a demonstration of accounting covering the learning outcomes for the unit.
The report should be in Arial or Times New Roman, font size 12, single-spaced.
Use Harvard referencing system and include a bibliography.
Submit the assignment in Word or PDF format with the Brighton School of Business and Management cover sheet.
Deadline: Follow the timetable issued on your enrolment day.

Learning Outcomes (LO)

LO1: Record business transactions using double entry bookkeeping and extract a trial balance.
LO2: Prepare final accounts for sole traders, partnerships, and limited companies.
LO3: Perform bank reconciliations to ensure company and bank records are correct.
LO4: Reconcile control accounts and shift transactions from suspense accounts to the correct accounts.

Assignment Brief

Scenario: As an accountant, you have been tasked with preparing an information booklet for junior trainee accountants. You will also prepare accounts to demonstrate accounting techniques to the trainees.

Assignment Guidance – Information Booklet

The booklet should include:

Explanation of double entry bookkeeping and trial balance.
Difference between financial reports and financial statements.
Explanation of accounts for sole traders, partnerships, and limited companies.
Explanation of the reconciliation process, including the tools and techniques used.
Explanation of control accounts and the reconciliation process.
Purpose of suspense accounts and how they differ from control accounts.

Case Studies

Case Study 1:

ABC is a new business that started on 1 July. The business paid £3,000 into the business bank account. Answer the following:

a. What is the dual effect of this transaction?
b. What is the accounting equation after this transaction?

Case Study 2:

XYZ business started on 1 January by paying £40,000 into a business bank account. The business then made several transactions. Answer the following:

a. What are the two effects of each of these transactions?
b. What would the accounting equation look like after each of these transactions?

Case Study 3:

XYZ business spent £2,000 on purchases of goods for cash. The bank balance goes down by £2,000, but the business has other assets like inventory. Answer the following:

d. What is the accounting equation after these transactions?
e. The business took £600 of cash for personal use, how does this affect capital?

Case Study 4:

XYZ business made the following transactions in January. Answer the tasks below:

Task 1: Identify how the debit and credit entries for each transaction are determined.
Task 2: Detail the transactions into the relevant ledger accounts.
Task 3: Create a trial balance based on the transactions provided.

Final Accounts and Bank Reconciliation

For Case Study 4, use the provided figures to prepare XYZ business’s trial balance as at 31 December.

Trial Balance Example

Account	Debit (£)	Credit (£)
Sales	–	47,140
Purchases	26,500	–
Receivables	7,640	–
Payables	–	4,320
Expenses	9,430	–

Assignment Guidance – Accounting

The demonstration of accounting should include the following tasks:

Record business transactions using double entry bookkeeping and extract a trial balance.
Prepare final accounts for a sole trader, partnership, and limited company.
Present the bank reconciliation accounts in the correct format.
Reconcile a control account.

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