The new englandjournal of medicinen engl j med 383;19 nejm.org November 5, 2020 1813established in 1812 November 5, 2020 vol. 383 no. 19The authors’ full names, academic degrees, and affiliations are listed in theAppendix. Address reprint requests to Dr.Beigel at the National Institute of Allergyand Infectious Diseases, National Institutesof Health, 5601 Fishers Ln., Rm. 7E60,MSC 9826, Rockville, MD 20892-9826, orat jbeigel@niaid.nih.gov.*A complete list of members of theACTT-1 Study Group is provided in theSupplementary Appendix, available atNEJM.org.A preliminary version of this article waspublished on May 22, 2020, at NEJM.org.This article was published on October 8,2020, and updated on October 9, 2020, atNEJM.org.N Engl J Med 2020;383:1813-26.DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2007764Copyright © 2020 Massachusetts Medical Society.BACKGROUNDAlthough several therapeutic agents have been evaluated for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), no antiviral agents have yet been shown to beefficacious.METHODSWe conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of intravenousremdesivir in adults who were hospitalized with Covid-19 and had evidence oflower respiratory tract infection. Patients were randomly assigned to receive eitherremdesivir (200 mg loading dose on day 1, followed by 100 mg daily for up to9 additional days) or placebo for up to 10 days. The primary outcome was the timeto recovery, defined by either discharge from the hospital or hospitalization forinfection-control purposes only.RESULTSA total of 1062 patients underwent randomization (with 541 assigned to remdesivir and 521 to placebo). Those who received remdesivir had a median recovery timeof 10 days (95% confidence interval [CI], 9 to 11), as compared with 15 days (95%CI, 13 to 18) among those who received placebo (rate ratio for recovery, 1.29; 95%CI, 1.12 to 1.49; P
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