NURS 6501: Week 7 Quiz:
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Question 9
In the progression of Alzheimer disease, specific regions of the brain are preferentially affected. Which region is typically first impacted in the early stages of Alzheimer disease?
- Occipital lobe
- Frontal lobe
- Medulla oblongata
- Temporal lobe
Correct answer: Temporal lobe
Explanation:
In Alzheimer disease, the early pathological changes begin in the medial temporal lobe, specifically affecting:
- The hippocampus
- The entorhinal cortex
These areas are crucial for memory formation, which explains why short-term memory loss is often the earliest clinical symptom in Alzheimer’s disease.
Breakdown of options:
- Temporal lobe
First affected (especially hippocampus) → causes memory loss. - Occipital lobe
✘ Involved much later; associated with visual processing. - Frontal lobe
✘ Affected in later stages; responsible for executive function and personality. - Medulla oblongata
✘ Controls basic life functions (e.g., breathing, heart rate) and is not primarily involved in Alzheimer’s.
Key point:
Memory loss is a hallmark of early Alzheimer’s, and that reflects temporal lobe (hippocampal) involvement.