Psychology, Criminology & Sociology Case Studies

Scenario 1: Psychology And Criminology (1000 Words)

For scenario 1, consider and apply the following themes: Social Influence, Crowd Behaviour, Legal Principles

The Consequences of Drunk Driving

It is a Saturday night, and a group of underage Year 12 (16–17-year-old) students including Jake, Lily, Ethan and Mia are at a house party hosted by an older friend, Ryan. The atmosphere is lively, the music is loud, and alcohol is being freely passed around despite most of the attendees being underage. At first Jake refuses to drink, knowing it is illegal and unsafe. However, Ryan and other friends tease him, saying, “Come on, everyone’s drinking! Don’t be boring.” Under the pressure to fit in Jake gives in and takes a drink. Soon others follow, feeling compelled to do the same because everyone else is participating.

As the party winds down, Ethan, who has been drinking, suggests driving everyone home, even though he does not have a full license and is clearly intoxicated. Lily hesitates but eventually agrees, thinking, “If everyone else is getting in, it must be okay.” Jake and Mia, though unsure, follow along, influenced by the group’s
collective decision.

On the drive home Ethan loses control of the car, due to impaired judgment, and crashes into another vehicle. The crash results in severe injuries to Mia and the driver of the other car. The police arrive at the scene and Ethan is found to be over the legal blood alcohol limit. He is arrested and charged with multiple offenses, including underage drinking, driving under the influence (DUI), and reckless endangerment. The victims’ families file lawsuits for damages caused by the accident.

Please use the following headings to structure your essay response:

1. Introduction
2. Social Influence
3. Crowd Behaviour
4. Legal Principles
5. Conclusion

Scenario 2: The Sociological Imagination And Law (1000 Words)

For scenario 2, consider and apply the following themes: Historical Context,
Structural Factors, Cultural Norms and Media Representations, Personal vs. Public
Issues

Gender inequality in the workplace

Aisha, a 28-year-old woman, works in the finance sector of a company. She has
recently had a baby and has returned to work after maternity leave. Despite her qualifications and experience, she finds that her male colleagues are being promoted at a faster rate than she is. She also notices subtle biases, such as being excluded from high-profile projects and assumptions that she is less committed to her career due to her motherhood responsibilities.

Aisha tries to remain optimistic and dedicated, hoping her hard work will eventually speak for itself. She volunteers for additional responsibilities, stays late when needed, and consistently meets her targets. However, during a team meeting, she notices her ideas are often overlooked until echoed by male colleagues, who then receive credit. She begins to doubt whether her contributions are being valued at all.

Meanwhile, a junior male colleague with less experience is appointed to lead a major client project—one Aisha had expressed interest in and had relevant experience for. Seeking clarity, Aisha approaches her manager to discuss her career progression.  While he listens politely, he vaguely suggests that the timing isn’t right for her to take on more demanding roles, subtly referencing her “work-life balance.” Frustrated and disheartened, Aisha starts researching company policies and diversity initiatives, only to find that while there are statements about equality, few tangible measures are in place. She begins documenting incidents and considers reaching out to HR, though she worries about being labelled difficult or ungrateful.

As her confidence wavers, Aisha also begins to connect with other women in the company, discovering that many have faced similar roadblocks. Together, they begin to envision pushing for systemic change.

Please use the following headings to structure your essay response:

1. Introduction
2. Applying the sociological imagination
3. Analysis of structural and cultural factors
4. Broader workplace inequalities
5. Possible solutions and legal protections

Expert Answers on Above Psychology and Sociology Questions

Consequences of drunk driving

Introduction: The scenario is all about the ways in which crowd behaviour, social influence and legal principles work together in a situation involving underage drinking and drunk driving.
Social influence: In the given scenario, the reason behind Jake’s drinking is the peer pressure and conformity. It clearly reflects the ways in which people ignore their own judgement and give more preference to social influence.
Crowd behaviour: The actions that are driven by group dynamics are generally considered as risky. It leads to a sense of belief that everyone is doing it, so that there is no harm in doing it and this leads to the ignorance of individual accountability.
Legal principles: The legal charges as applicable on Ethan because of reckless endangerment and drinking. This may lead to civil lawsuits because of negligence leading to injury and images.
Conclusion
The case clearly reflects the ways in which group dynamics and pressure influence the action of individuals leading to unlawful acts and this encourages the need for awareness and responsibility.

Gender inequality in the workplace

Introduction: The main basis of analysis in the scenario is on gender biasness in a corporate setting. The analysis was carried out considering sociological imagination, and connecting personal experiences to social structures.
Applying the sociological imagination: The given scenario indicates about the situation of Aisha which not only shows her personal challenges but also reflects systematic issues of gender inequality and workplace discrimination.
Structural and cultural factors: The decision of promotion of women competence are highly affected by the unconscious bias and traditional gender roles.
Workplace inequalities: The inequalities in the workplace are often identified in the case of women in the form of unequal pay, limited career opportunities, and lack of representation in the leadership roles.
Possible solution and legal protections: The best possible solution can be in the form of implementing transparent promotion policies considering adequate provision for diversity training and following equal opportunity laws to reduce any kind of inequality.

Reviewed by Annie Martin, specialises in providing assistance in emotional and social support case studies.

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